A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1856 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Modest Proposal Essay Did you like this example? A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift How Swift uses satire to express his true feelings of the situation in Ireland Jonathan Swift, a well-known writer did many topics and used satire in his works to express his message. This was a technique he used to reach his audience and make sure the message reached the targeted group. In this research paper, we will focus at discussing one of the topics he did. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift" essay for you Create order Among the research topics done by the narrator include; how capitalism deals with its problems, criticizing Catholicism, how the sale of children meat will benefits lives of adults and how the sale of children meat will benefit the economy (Swift, 2016 p 203). In all these, irony has been used to reach the audience. Jonathans main objective as shall be found in this essay, wanted to gauge the readers thinking capability and ability. He wants the audience to read his work and from it, reason out. He puts his work in a manner that requires intuitive reasoning and thinking. We shall analyze Jonathan Swifts use of satire to express his feelings for the people of Ireland considering the situation that was prevailing in the country. Jonathan Swifts modest proposal aimed at drawing peoples attention world-wide and initiating the process on how the plight of Irish people could be helped out. Ireland was a country where there was widespread of poverty. Therefore, in order to fully capture the attention of his readers, he uses satire to motivate the readers to try and find out the plight of Irish people and come up with possible solutions. The essay portrays the writers feelings and attempts to lure them in having the same feeling for the situation in Ireland. This has been achieved through irony. Irony is the way of expressing an idea through the opposite of what is actually happening (Doody, 2014 p 196). In irony, the writer position on a subject matter is not readily known by the readers. The readers are expected to go beyond this ordinary view and be able to read through the writers mind. Swift successfully employed this technique to pass his message by instilling sarcasm and humor in his audience. Through satire, the readers were able to get more interest on reading the Irelands situation. This then enabled them to follow up on the story until its conclusion. Due to the nature of the issue, the writer had to hide his identity. The need for hiding ones identity while employing the use of irony is so as to make sure the readers do not take the narrations as a sense of humor. Jonathan was a protestant and had witnessed the kind of treatment the English colonists subjected the Irish people unto. Jonathan used satire to alert the public on how the English authorities practices brought suffering to the common people. The rich and the powerful applied practices which greatly undermined the common people. There was a lot of poverty in Ireland and Jonathan used irony to explain this situation. In his article, one of the instances in which he successfully uses irony is that of eating babies by the colonists. Ireland was a poor nation and different schools of thought tried to connect this to the population (Marshal, 2015 p 134). It was believed that the country was overpopulated and therefore, the only solution to address poverty this poverty situation was to eat the babies he laments on how authorities resorted to eating babies in an attempt to solve the problem. Eating babies is a satirical theme the writer introduces, which basically refers to the act of selling babies by parents upon recommendations by the authorities. The babies were supposed to be sold in order to provide for their parents. In order to get money for food and other needs, the authorities recommended that the parents sell out their babies. So widespread was the practice that prompted Jonathan to publish the occurrence of such activities. The practice of selling babies is what the writer means when he says authorities eating babies. The writer used this theme because he had already grown up children and his wife was not going to have more children who could be sold by the authorities (Swift, 2016 p 209). Therefore, he believes that this narration will not affect him and his family at any particular time. In other words, Jonathan portrays a situation of man-eat society in Ireland. The authorities were inhuman to the extent of suggesting the selling of children to solve the poverty situation in Ireland. This act touched Jonathan and motivated him to do works on the situation and expressed his feelings to this effect. The practice disturbed him to the extent of provoking his feelings and eventually putting what was happening in writing. He therefore, provokes his readers through this irony to come up with ways of addressing this poverty situation and relieve the Irish people from unnecessary suffering. The writer is seeking for a different interpretation into the whole issue. He wants the readers to think in the opposite direction and be able to deduce the facts presented. Jonathan opposes the authorities policy on selling of the baby, which has been successfully hidden. Apart from concealing his identity, the writer also wants the people of Ireland to wake up and oppose the injustice they were being subjected to. A rational reader is able to find out what the narrator is trying to pass out. He chooses not to use direct meanings so as to avoid any case of being taken out of context. Also, this choice of not being direct in his reporting is so as to increase the interest of his readers to want more from the narrations. The proposal at the beginning, describes the living conditions of Irish common people. So bad is the situation that the writer acknowledges the mess and wants an immediate solution from his target audience to address this menace. To lead by an example, he goes ahead to provide suggestion on the best way to solve the deplorable condition of the common peasant Irish people. After posing this suggestion which in itself is ironical, he sarcastically gives the benefits of such a solution. In his solution, Jonathan sarcastically supports the idea of eating/ selling children to enhance the economic status of common people whose majority was made up of peasants. He states that for the poverty to be eliminated, parents should consider selling babies to the willing buyers. There was an already established market where these babies could be sold out. Among the ironical advantages Swift gives are; first and foremost, by selling babies, the parents will relieve themselves from the burden of taking care of the children when they grow up. To him, poor parents will be able to make some good money from the sale of their babies. They can later use this money to better their lifestyles and maintain themselves (Swift, 2016 p 210). Therefore, parents should take the step of releasing themselves the burden of rearing children to the old stage. The reader should however, come up with viable solutions contrary to this. Swift also suggests that the sale of babies will greatly reduce the population which according to many, is the main cause of poverty in Ireland. Selling babies will ensure the future population is reduced and eventually reduce the overpopulation currently witnessed. When this happens, poverty will have been eliminated. A research done in 2015 had shown that Ireland had a total of 120,000 children (Swift, 2016 p 200). This is the data Jonathan Swift uses to express his feelings for the peasant people, in an attempt to sell out his idea to the public. He recommends that out of this number, 20,000 can be spared and allowed to breed locally of which 5,000 should be male gender. The remaining 100,000 are then supposed to be cared for well and given enough food to make them more attractive to the buyers (Marshal, 2015 p 134). The narrator states that these babies should suck their mothers breasts for nutrients especially at the time when they are about to be sold. This breast feeding will help them grow and attract the buyers. They ought to be sold later in the year when they have able to fetch some good money. This is the way Jonathan presented his case in his modest proposal on the situation of Ireland people. Ireland is brought out as a very poor country whose people are languishing in poverty. The narrator of this situation, Jonathan Swift shares greatly in their displeasure. Jonathan Swift has successfully presented his thought and feelings concerning the bad state of Irish people. Although he seems to be for the idea of selling babies, a deeper analysis reveals otherwise. He chose this style so as to attract public recognition and fasten the whole process of coming up with an option to solve the poverty. Jonathan wanted his readers to come up with a human solution which could be acceptable world-wide. He therefore sarcastically gives a solution which an ordinary thinker may oppose. His primary aim was to enable readers think out of the box and suggest alternative solutions, contrary to what he is advocating for. Jonathan Swift did this so as to hide his identity and that of his family. He sought to communicate to his readers and had no intentions of revealing who he was. In conclusion, the world should come to the plight of Irish people. Having read the story on the situation, a discussion need to be started world-wide to solve this problem once and for all. Suggestions should be given on how best the mess can be solved so that no other country is befallen by the same challenges. The act of selling babies was simply a learning tool for the audience to think more about the issue. This is a practice which if allowed to continue, will kill the generations to come. Some of the recommendations that can be adopted include; empowering the people within economical activities to enable them provide for themselves. To address the overpopulation problem, the country should sensitize its population on the need to implement family planning. Family planning will ensure that the resources are not over burden by high population. When the world comes together, a better solution will be arrived at. In giving suggestions however, key attention should be given to the kind of recommendations to adopt. The Irish people as explained above are in a condition that requires urgent and meaningful solutions that help even the generations to come. Jonathan did reveal the situation of Ireland and it now remains the responsibility of those who have read his piece of work to do the necessary. The readers should get disturbed and initiate the process of arriving at a solution. Works Cited Alff, David. Swifts Solar Gourds and the Rhetoric of Projection. Eighteenth-Century Studies 47.3 (2014): 245-260. Doody, Margaret Anne. 11 Swift among the WomerHI. Jonathan Swift (2014): 196. Marshall, Ashley. Swift and History: Politics and the English Past. Cambridge University Press, 2015. Muecke, Douglas Colin. Irony and the Ironic. Vol. 12. Taylor Francis, 2017. Wood, Nigel. Jonathan Swift. Routledge, 2014. Swift, Jonathan, et al. Irish Political Writings After 1725: A Modest Proposal and Other Works. Cambridge University Press, 2016.

Case Study Supply Chain Management - 1151 Words

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Organizational Behaviour for Integrating Individuals and Groups

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Behaviour for Integrating Individuals and Groups. Answer: Introduction: Organization behaviour deals with the process people interact with other individual or group of individual within the corporate atmosphere (Miner, 2015). It includes all the activities associated with the internal and external operation process of the business. Effective utilization of organization behaviour theory and framework, businesses can identify the best possible way to fulfil all the requirements of the market. The focus case study has highlighted the kind of challenges Alison is facing as the manager of long established inner city restaurants. The case study has emphasizes the fact that the focus restaurant has able to maintain strong collaboration among the employees. Still, the operation cost of the restaurant is too high, which is affecting the overall profit level of the organization. It has induced Alison to make certain significant changes in the operational procedure in order to keep the cost at the optimum level. The study will assess the impact of initiated strateg ies of Alison on the organizational behaviour perspective. Fundamental Issues Presented in the Case Study: The case study has illustrated the fact that the focus restaurant provided too much emphasize on keeping the workforce happy and satisfied. For instance, the management of the focused restaurant is ready to close the operation just to provide dinner and lunch service to all the employees. Thus, it actually is reducing the operation time of the restaurants in an effective manner (Robbins Judge, 2012). Therefore, it is likely to provide less opportunity for the restaurant to maintain desired revenue level. However, it has allowed employees to understand each other perspectives, which has created positive impact on the communication procedure. On the contrary, the management of focus restaurant does not try to include different advance technologies for enhancing the effectiveness of the operational procedure. As a result, it increases the waste level for the focus restaurant, which again likely to reduce the profit level even further. In addition, the owners of the restaurant has not s hown interest in investing money for developing online booking services along with regular update of the website. For that reason, the focus restaurant is facing continues decrease in the profit level. As a result, it has become essential for Alison to make necessary changes on the organizational structure and communication process in order to reduce the cost associated with the operational process. Now, Alison also has not focused too much on understanding both employees and employer perspective before the initiation of changes. Therefore, Alison had made specific rapid changes on the organizational structure that is likely to create adverse impact on the business process in long-run. Demonstrated Key Theories: The case study has mentioned that the initiated strategy of Alison has reduced the cost of operations. Now, Alison has made structural changes by reducing the number of permanent staffs with temporary staffs. Thus, it highlighted the kind of impact structural changes can have on the business procedure. As per the article by Pinder (2014), several theories like scientific management approach, Webers bureaucratic approach and Henry Fayols administrative theory from organizational behaviour has highlighted the significance of developing strong organizational structure. Moreover, different organizational structure like horizontal, vertical and matrix are identified that can transform the operational process of the organization (Moore et al., 2012). Now, these theories have mentioned that temporary staffs are not likely to be motivated enough to give their best at the workplace. Hence, it will create issues related with ineffective knowledge, lack of skills and absenteeism (Greenberg, 201 3). On the other hand, effective utilization of permanent staffs is likely to help developing strong organizational culture, which is likely to increase the satisfaction level of the customers. As illustrated by DuBrin (2013) maintenance of organizational culture is critical in order to position business uniquely from all the competitors. It allows all potential customers to identify or recognize the provided quality of the service and products effectively. Hence, it is likely to create positive impact on the overall revenue level of the organization. Moreover, healthy organizational culture also allows new employees to adjust with the organization appropriately, as it happens in case of Alison. Now, in this study, Alison has primarily focused on increasing the number of temporary staffs in order to ensure restaurant have to pay lower wages. As per the article by Wagner III and Hollenbeck (2014), changes in organizational structure will induce restaurant to make specific changes in the operation process. As a result, it will induce employees to learn new skills and knowledge to for providing additional support to the business procedure. Moreover, initiation of roster system has reduced the earning of the staffs hugely. In fact, it has forced employees to work every minutes of job for earning. For that reason, it will definitely increase the stress level among the restaurant staffs. Therefore, it eventually de-motivates employees to work for extra hours to ensure success of the restaurants. Specific Communication Issues: The case study also illustrated communication issues of Alisons leadership strategy. Alison also has not focused too much on the effective utilization of communication strategy for providing required information to the staffs. Information theory of communication has emphasizes the fact that messages should be transferred with accuracy in order to ensure no confusion within the operation process (Bolino et al., 2013). However, Alison has made changes without conducting any meeting with the staffs for assessing the best possible way to communicate business objectives. As a result, it increases the rate of employee resignation in a massive way. In fact, the restaurant has almost lost its entire original resources completely. In addition, head waiter Marcus who is associated with the restaurant for around 10 years also decided to left job due to lack of communication between the employees. It highlighted the fact that sudden changes in the organizational structure with the inclusion of t emporary staffs have affected organizational culture. Hence, it breaks the bonding among the staffs prior to joining of Alison. Moreover, Alison decision of not using lunch and dinner services for reducing cost has minimizes the opportunity of healthy conversation among the employees (Hogg Terry, 2014). Hence, it is also likely to create adverse impact on the provided service quality of the restaurants. Recommendation for Creating Different Situation: From the evaluation of the case study, it can be assessed that the focus restaurant needs to utilize different other strategies for accomplishing long term goals and objectives. Firstly, Alison will have to assess the perspective of both owners and staffs simultaneously. It will help Alison to have an idea regarding the best possible way to keep both the stakeholders happy (Nelson Quick, 2013). Secondly, effective assessment of both the perspective will helps Alison to identify the significance of introducing advance technologies for remaining competitive in the market. In the present time, almost all the restaurants have opened online booking system so that it can able to reach maximum level of potential customers. For that reason, Alison will have to highlight this opportunity to the owners regarding the kind of positive impact initiation of online booking system can have on the overall profit of the organization (Champoux, 2016). In addition, Alison will also have to provide owne rs an idea regarding the way initiation of online booking will help to gain competitive advantage. Thirdly, Alison will have to focus on developing effective communicational network in order to ensure all the employees can able to understand the significance changing organizational structure. Fourthly, Alison will have to focus on identify alternative options to stopping of dinner and lunch service for ensuring communication among the employees remains intact. For instance, Alison will have to arrange small tours including all staffs, which will enhance the collaboration among the employees. Hence, it will help Alison to reduce the adverse impact on organizational culture due to changes in business procedure. Fifthly, Alison will also have to focus on maintaining a balance between permanent and temporary staffs. Depending too much on the temporary staffs can increase the risk of provided quality of hospitality services (Nahavandi et al., 2013). Hence, Alison needs to focus on mainta ining balance between permanent and temporary staffs for achieving consistent success in the market. Conclusion: The illustration of case study highlighted the fact that managers need to assess perspectives of both staffs and owners before initiation of any strategy. Otherwise, it might not able to create desired amount of impact on the business process. However, the case study has highlighted that Alison is happy for successful minimization of operational cost. Still, the above analysis has emphasized the fact that too much shifting in short period of time will create adverse impact on the business procedure. The study has mentioned that too much dependency on temporary staffs will eventually provide no good to the organization in long run. In fact, Alison needs to focus on identifying best possible strategy for enhancing the knowledge and skill level of the employees for lowering the cost related to operational procedure. Moreover, the study has also emphasized on developing strong communicational network to avoiding any adverse challenges associated with the business procedure. References: Bolino, M. C., Klotz, A. C., Turnley, W. H., Harvey, J. (2013). Exploring the dark side of organizational citizenship behavior.Journal of Organizational Behavior,34(4), 542-559. Champoux, J. E. (2016).Organizational behavior: Integrating individuals, groups, and organizations. Routledge. DuBrin, A. J. (2013).Fundamentals of organizational behavior: An applied perspective. Elsevier. Greenberg, J. (Ed.). (2013).Organizational behavior: The state of the science. Routledge. Hogg, M. A., Terry, D. J. (Eds.). (2014).Social identity processes in organizational contexts. Psychology Press. Miner, J. B. (2015).Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Moore, C., Detert, J. R., Klebe Trevio, L., Baker, V. L., Mayer, D. M. (2012). Why employees do bad things: Moral disengagement and unethical organizational behavior.Personnel Psychology,65(1), 1-48. Nahavandi, A., Denhardt, R. B., Denhardt, J. V., Aristigueta, M. P. (2013).Organizational behavior. SAGE Publications. Nelson, D. L., Quick, J. C. (2013).Organizational behavior: Science, the real world, and you. Cengage learning. Pinder, C. C. (2014).Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Robbins, S. P., Judge, T. (2012).Essentials of organizational behavior. Essex: Pearson. Wagner III, J. A., Hollenbeck, J. R. (2014).Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge.

Tradition versus Modernity

Introduction Human beings have developed sophisticated ways of doing things due to continued innovations and inventions that have made life easier for them. The age of using crude tools and equipments to carry out various activities has long gone as machines take up the old routines.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tradition versus Modernity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More All sectors of human life have undergone tremendous changes and developments as more sophisticated ways of doing things are invented by the use of modern technology. In addition, it has made human activities less expensive and it takes a short time to get them done. However, despite numerous advantages associated with modern technology some people will never leave the old ways of doing things. This essay outlines the advantages of doing things in an old fashioned way despite the fact that there are modern ways of doing the same things without straining. Summary of Handwriting Rediscovered By Lorne Daniel Handwriting is one of the ancient parts of art that marked various stages of human life. However, it continues to face stiff competition from modern technologies especially with regard to the use of communication tools like computers. Handwriting portrays an individual’s personality with regard to their organization, presentation and emotions that are evident in the manner in which letters and words are written. It is easy to identify a person’s level of organization through looking at his or her handwriting. In addition, emotions are portrayed through a person’s handwriting and this is evident through the manner in which letters and words are written. Moreover, handwriting enables an individual to appreciate his or her creativity by designing various shapes and sizes of letters used for writing words and sentences compared to printed letters on keyboards that are universally shaped and appear clumsy . Modern technology has forced writers to lose contact with their work because keyboards and monitors have created a gap between the two of them. Paper and pen writing enables a person to get immediate feedback from their work since the person has a chance to examine and evaluate the consistency of his or her work. However, despite the above advantages of handwriting it is a strenuous activity that subjects the mind and the body to fatigue and boredom.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Advantages of Doing Things in Old Fashioned Ways Even though human beings strive to invent and innovate simpler means of doing things through the use of modern technology, the old fashioned ways of doing some things are here to stay. This is due to the fact that human beings are not programmed like machines to embrace all changes as soon as they unfold. Every person has a unique way of embracing cha nge in their environment regardless of the benefits associated with them. One of the modern technologies that has been subjected to this situation is the laundering machine used for washing clothes and other fabrics at home. Hand washing is the cheapest way of washing domestic items like clothes, carpets, blankets and other garments used at home because it less expensive than buying a washing machine. The requirements for hand washing are soap, water, buckets and a washing brush compared to machines that require source of power like electricity whose value continues to escalate from day to day. Purchasing a laundry machine is out of reach by many households forcing them to refer to using the old way of washing clothes. Even though there are many people offering machine laundry services in major urban areas, their cost is way beyond the reach of many people thus leaving them with no choice but to handwash their clothes. When a person washes his or her clothes in the old fashioned way , it gives the individual emotional attachment to them due to the contact during the washing process. The person is able to feel the worth of his or her clothes and appreciate it. Taking good care of the clothes while washing is inevitable as the person is able to relate the value of his or her clothes with the efforts being put to ensure they are clean. The contact between people and their clothes ensures that they are able to appreciate beauty and cleanliness that are associated with washing. Therefore, they have the opportunity of improving their hygiene standards.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tradition versus Modernity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hand washing is the most convenient way of ensuring personal cleanliness is maintained within the shortest time possible. An individual is able to plan on when to clean their clothes with regard to other daily routines and schedules. A person is able to deci de when to do the cleaning and the amount of clothes he or she will wash. It should be noted that despite the availability of laundering businesses all over urban centers most of them are located far from residential premises and this makes them unreachable during odd hours. However, when a person decides to wash their clothes he or she is able to do it at any time of the day or night. Moreover, hand washing clothes and other garments at home gives people the opportunity of exercising their muscles thus helping stay fit. Hand washing involves straining to scrub the dirt off the clothes and from other surfaces at home that requires a lot of energy to do so. Security is one of the major aspects that makes people more reluctant to take their clothes for laundering and instead decide to wash them. This is due to the fact that at the laundry centers other clients’ clothes have been delivered too for washing and cases of misplacing clothes are not easily ruled out. In addition, whe n a person washes his or her clothes, he or she is able to know the period of time their clothes will serve them. When their clothes get older they know it in advance and are able to purchase other clothes at their convenient time. Through this they are able to avoid last minute disappointments that may happen as a result of the tear and wear actions. Lastly, it is great fun and excitement to get our hands wet and soapy while washing our clothes. It gives us a sense of satisfaction and ownership of what we are doing. Hand washing clothes is an activity many people will not hesitate to undertake whenever the need arises. Conclusion The society is undergoing various transformations aimed at making life better for all human beings. However, people should ensure they put into consideration the advantages and disadvantages of various modern technologies before embracing and using them in their daily activities.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Tradition versus Modernity was written and submitted by user Edward Sullivan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Notre Dame Cathedral

Notre Dame Cathedral The architect of Notre Dame was Maurice de Sully, the Bishop of Paris. He decided to build it for the growing population of Paris. He dedicated Notre Dame to the Virgin Mary. Even though construction started in 1163, it wasn’t complete until about 180 years later in 1345. The whole cathedral tells stories of the Bible in its paintings and stained glass. Every part of Notre Dame was constructed very widespread all through the years. The choir was completed in 1183 and in that same year work on the nave started. They finished the nave around 1208. The west front towers were started in 1225 and finished in 1250. Throughout 1235 and 1250 a bunch of chapels were added to the nave and the apse around 1296. Notre Dame has a huge history. Crusader used to pray there before leaving on their holy wars. Polyphonic music also developed in this cathedral. Notre Dame was torn up during the French Revolution just like a lot of the other cathedrals in France. One of the controversies that Notre Dame had was that some of the citizens of Paris thought that some of the statues of saints that were located on the west front were representations of their kings, so they decided to behead them and take them down. Actually, a lot of those statues were found around the 1970’s which was about 200 years later. Many of the cathedrals other treasures were destroyed or taken down. One of the only things that avoided being melted down were the great bells. Notre Dame was dedicated to the cult of Reason and then the cult of Supreme Being at one time. The cathedrals interior was used as a warehouse for food. It was also at Notre Dame that Napoleon crowned himself emperor and then crowned Josephine, his wif e, his empress. An archbishop should have organized this whole thing, but since Pope Pius VII was attending, there were no objections. During the Commune of 1871, the Cathedral was nearly burned by the Communards. Some stories say that a... Free Essays on Notre Dame Cathedral Free Essays on Notre Dame Cathedral Notre Dame Cathedral The architect of Notre Dame was Maurice de Sully, the Bishop of Paris. He decided to build it for the growing population of Paris. He dedicated Notre Dame to the Virgin Mary. Even though construction started in 1163, it wasn’t complete until about 180 years later in 1345. The whole cathedral tells stories of the Bible in its paintings and stained glass. Every part of Notre Dame was constructed very widespread all through the years. The choir was completed in 1183 and in that same year work on the nave started. They finished the nave around 1208. The west front towers were started in 1225 and finished in 1250. Throughout 1235 and 1250 a bunch of chapels were added to the nave and the apse around 1296. Notre Dame has a huge history. Crusader used to pray there before leaving on their holy wars. Polyphonic music also developed in this cathedral. Notre Dame was torn up during the French Revolution just like a lot of the other cathedrals in France. One of the controversies that Notre Dame had was that some of the citizens of Paris thought that some of the statues of saints that were located on the west front were representations of their kings, so they decided to behead them and take them down. Actually, a lot of those statues were found around the 1970’s which was about 200 years later. Many of the cathedrals other treasures were destroyed or taken down. One of the only things that avoided being melted down were the great bells. Notre Dame was dedicated to the cult of Reason and then the cult of Supreme Being at one time. The cathedrals interior was used as a warehouse for food. It was also at Notre Dame that Napoleon crowned himself emperor and then crowned Josephine, his wif e, his empress. An archbishop should have organized this whole thing, but since Pope Pius VII was attending, there were no objections. During the Commune of 1871, the Cathedral was nearly burned by the Communards. Some stories say that a...

Review Of Jobless Turn To Work Helping Others

Review Of Jobless Turn To Work Helping Others Review of "Jobless Turn to Work Helping Others" In a perfect economic situation nobody would face unemployment, but we don't live in a perfect world. In an ever-changing economy, there are good times; and then there are not so good times. If I learned anything about economics from this article, it would be to make the most of the good times; and do what you can in the less than good times. This article describes two twenty-something workers who found high paying jobs when the economy was booming in the late 1990's, and then lost those jobs in recent corporate layoffs. All was not lost because they found jobs where business is still booming.Michael Cagan, age 27, was working for the well known brokerage company Charles Schwab when he got the pink slip last September. Around the same time Hattie Washington, age 26, lost her job as an administrative assistant at TeleCheck International.English: The Frances Perkins Building of the U.S. ...In December they were both hired at Money Managem ent, a non-profit firm that provides nationwide credit counseling. Now they teach others what they had to learn about managing their finances. Cagan had a mortgage payment of $522 and a new salary, which was 40% less than what he was making. Washington had credit card debt of $3,000; she enrolled in Money Management's debt reduction program herself in the hopes of one-day qualifying for a home loan.According to U.S. Department of Labor statistics, about 1.15 workers ages 16 to 24 lost their jobs when employment for that age group was peaked at 20.8 million jobs in December 2000. Over about the same time period the workers age 25 and over suffered a loss of 1.5 million jobs after hitting a peak of 115.3 million jobs in March of 2001. It seems that younger workers have it...

Creativity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Creativity - Essay Example Morris 2006 gives a different definition of creativity when compared to the thoughts of the author of this paper. Morris suggests that the characteristics of creativity firstly involves ‘thinking or behaving imaginatively.’ Secondly, creativity is ‘imaginative’, thirdly, ‘something original’ must be the result of the process and fourthly, ‘the outcome must be of value in relation to the objective.’ Further, Morris adds additional elements to this definition. Creativity is also seen as the connection of body and mind in search of ‘new knowledge’ and includes a ‘risk’ factor in its outlook. (Pann Baltz, quoted in Morris 2006) If creativity is determined by one’s willingness to allow oneself to explore one’s inner workings then clearly some people are more ceative than others. Just like some leaders are born and some are made I believe that creativity within a particular individual can be nurtured to develop into an awesome resource. It is therefore dependent on the environment and the level of encouragement that one obtains that boosts creativity. Howard Gardner in his theory on multiple intelligences suggests that each individual can learn in different ways. Hence one can deduce that individuals can be creative in distinctive ways as well. Pablo Picasso claims that â€Å"Every child is an artist. The problem is how to remain an artist once he grows up.† Children in particular are naturally creative. They are curious, imaginative, purposeful and appreciate beauty. Therefore there is an innate dimension of creativity deposited in the young at heart. In the same vein , however, children’s natural creativity can be stifled and destroyed by some adults who refuse to allow them to explore and demonstrate their inner self. We can encourage children to be creative by giving them the latitude they need to explore their inner being and their environment to